Method and apparatus for obtaining samples



Sept. 2 1924.

W. MEINERSMANN METHOD AND APPARATUS Foa OBTAINING sAMPLEs Fi-led Jan. B.1921 5 Sheets-Sheet'I l k ,5 l .1 l *1 52 l? 6 i 5 W r w i 4 I 5' 53 l Ii il if# i r 1 H 6 l l 1 Il I; 1 l l: I 1 56 if 46 l 1% U g fig 49 l .55

f ff" l; I I j' il l l U5 J5 i?? I I9 IN1/Emmi? J2 14 WM @www HIS ATTHIVEY sept. 2 1924. 1,507,394

W.MENERSMANN METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING SAMPLES Filed Jan. 8.1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 2 .I 1924.

'Patented Sept. 2, i924.

WILLIAM MEINERSMANN, 0F ELIZABETH, NEW JERSEY.

MET-HOD AND APPARATUS FOR OBTINING SAMPLES.

'Application led January 8, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM MErNnns- MANN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and resident of Elizabeth, in the county of Union and State ofNew Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Method and Apparatusfor'Obtaining Samples, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved method and apparatus for theobtaining of samples to be used in the analyzing of material, such astin scrap, galvanized scrap, and the like, in an expeditious'andsatisfactory manner, whereby'more reliable and accurate results willbe obtained than were possible of attainment by the former practice. y

Heretofore the method of sampling a quanti-ty of tin scrap or similarmaterial cmsisted of selecting, say, for example, approximately 20 lbs.thereof from different portions of the container in which the scrap wasshipped, and using these selected portions as representative samples ofthat particular shipment. rIhese samples were dissolved in acid and theresultant product analyzed for the purpose of obtaining the lpercentageof the various metals contained therein.

This method presents various disadvantages, in that large quantities ofacid were required to dissolve. the necessarily large sample, and inview ofthe few pieces required to make up the representative sample, itwas a comparatively easy matter to manipulate the final results,according to the will of the sampler.`

As an improved method over the onefhere- ,inbeforestated,.and vtoovercome the disadvantages enumerated, another method vemployed was toselect small samples, picked from the various parts of the container,and

compress the same into a compact bundle or briquet, and thereafter drillthrough the briquetted sample in several places, using the drillings orborings as the final representative sample.

The disadvantage in this latter method is that the drill, in cuttingthrough the different layers of scrap, causes a portion of the chips orborings to rotate with the drill and thereby wedge the small chipswithin the crevices of the scrap, and also cause the surface of thelarger chips, to a certain extent, to be rubbed oli', which necessarilyresults in the obtaining of incorrect samples.

Serial No. 435,839.

The present .invention has for its par-ticular object the `overcoming ofthe various disadvantages of the methods hereinbefore enumerated, .andinV the broader aspects wherein the drilling operation is employed,

but the apparatus is so constructed that the drill is driven in aninverted position, whereby the chips or borings will fall out of thehole and clear the drill as soon as theyl are out, necessary means beingprovided for catching or collecting the borings as they fall during thedrilling process.

ln carrying out this invention, the method of' obtaining an analysis ofa`shipment of material, in connection with the machine therein employed7consists in picking out a `called average sample will permit the use ofa-substantial portion oif all kinds of scrap, forthe reason that alarger aggregate samthereof, resides in a method and apparatus ple canbe used than is practicable with the acid method, permitting the saidsample to be drilled through at several different portions of thebundle, and the resulting chips or borings obviously producing a fairerand more nearly average sample.

Another object of the invention is to se- I cure a smaller and moreaverage sample from billeted detinned scrap and the like, and othertightly compressed material, without the usual great expenditure of timeand labor in ripping these' billets apart, and obviously with the aid ofthe present machine this expenditure of labor is practically eliminatedandr a better sample obtained in a i rmuch shorter time.

Still another and important object is the elimination of the expenseincident to the method in which a large sample, requiring a largeamo-unt of acid to dissolve the. same. was employed, as the borings ordrillings are much less in weight compared with such large sample, yet,at the same time, represent a more correct average sample of thematerial. under analysis.

As illustrating the preferred embodiment of the apparatus for carryingout the present invention, reference is had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which v Fig. 1 is a view, partly in elevation and partly insection, of the'complete apparatus.

F ig. 2 is a view in side elevation, showinf)` the preferred means ofrotating the dril IFig. 3 is a plan view, and

Figs. 4, 5 and Gare horizontal, sectional views thereof, on lines 4 4, 55, and 6- 6, respective1y,.of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the improved apparatus comprises amain supporting base 1, and vertically disposed parallel standards 2having their lower ends 3 slightly reduced and securely positioned insockets 4 formed on they base 1. The upper ends of the standards 2 arelikewise reduced, asv at 6, for the reception of a cross-head member 7,secured in proper position by nuts or the like 8. The lower ends of saidstandards 2 are further connected by` a crossmember 9 positioned thereonimmediately above the sockets 4 of the base 1, and the intermediateportion of said cross-member 9 is provided with an opening 10, adaptedto receive a bearing 11, for a purpose to be hereinafter more fullydescribed. Directly below the opening 10 of the cross-member 9 is acorresponding opening 12 formed in the base 1, for supporting a similarbearing 13. Rotatably supported within these bearings 11 and 13, andalso having a vertical movement therein, is a shaft 14 keyed to abeveled gearrl, which gear is in mesh with an appropriate beveled gearor pinion 16, preferably mounted upon the shaft 17 of an electric motor18, through which train of gears and operating motor the verticallymovable shaft 14 is adapted to 'be rotated during the operation of theapparatus.

To permit the vertical movement of the shaft 14, said shaft is providedwith a longitudinal key slot 19, engaged by a key 19. The upper end ofthe shaft 14. is provided with an enlarged head 2O forming a socket forthe spindle of the drill 21, so that the shaft 14 will carry the drillwith it during the elevating and lowering of said shaft.

Mounted for vertical reciprocatory movement on the standards 2 above thecrossmember 9, is a cross-head having end bearings' 24 provided withbushings 23 e11- gaging the standards 2. The reciIn-ocating cross-head22 is provided with a central opening 25 having a bushing 26 to receivethe shaft 14. The shaft 14, Awhile freely rotatable in the bearing 25 inthe cross-head 22, is secured to said cross-head to partake of thevertical movement of the latter in advancing the drill to and retraetingthe same from the work. To this end the enlarged upperend of the shaft14 is provided with a flange 27 engaging the correspol'nling liange onthe bushing 2G and a clamping ring 28 secured to the shaft 14immediately `below the cross-head 22.

Positioned between the cross-head 7 and the reciprocating cross-head 22,is an intermediate cross-head or yoke 29, to which is secured at 30 apair of angularly disposed braces 31, the lower ends of'wh1chare securedto the base l, as at 32. The crosshead or yoke 29 not only forms abrace. or support for the standards 2, in conjunction with the angularlydisposed'braces 31, but also supports a platform or plate 33 by means ofa series of bracket-arms34, properly attached to said cross-member 29,as at 35. The outer ends of the arms 34 are provided with verticallydisposed openings for the reception of pins or legs 36 attached to anddepending from the platform or plate 33,- between the bottom of whichplate and the bracket-arms 34, and encirclingv the legs 36, are arrangedcushioning springs 37, as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

The intermediate portion of the crosshead or yoke 29 is provided with arecess carrying a conical, removable bushing 38,

for the purpose of centering or guiding the drill 21 during the drillingoperation, which bushing proJects -upwardly and extends through anopening centrally arranged in the platform or plate 33, engaging thelower -side of the briquetted sample adapted to be positioned on saidplatform or plate 33. As a continuation of the bushing 38, projectingdownwardly and extending below the cross-member or yoke 29, is a conicaltube 39, for preventing the dispersion of the borings or chips as theyfall from the drill yduring the boring operation.

Directly below the conical tube'39, and positioned upon thereciprocating cross-head 22, is an outwardly flared receptacle or cup40, for the purpose of receiving and retaining the borings or drillingsfrom the conical tube 39. The receptacle 40 is provided with a centralopeningl adapted to fit over an upstanding 'collar 41 secured to thereciprocating cross-head 22 said collar surrounding the enlarged upperend 20 ofthe shaft 14. In order to' prevent the borings or chips fromentering the space between the upstanding collar 41 and the enlargedupper end of the shaftV 14, there is provided a conical deflector 42,surrounding and secured to the drill socke.. 20, and-having its lowerend projecting d wnwardly and overhanging the upper edge. oftheupstanding collar 41.

In the preferred construction of the cup or receptacle 40, the lsaine isconstructed'of two matched half-sections, inA order to facilitate theremoval of the cup from its supported position whenever desired fordischarging the chips or boi-ings.

As hereinbefore stated,` the 'cross-head 22 is mounted on the standards2 for reciprocatory movement, for the purpose of feeding the drill intoand backing the same out of the briquetted sample. lo accomplish theelevating of 'said reciprocatory cross-head, the same is provided withca les 43, each having one end secured by appropriate fastenings to saidcross-head andthe other end secured to and adapted to be wound upon acorresponding drum 44, carried by a shaft of the shaft 45 is providedwith windlass bars or lever arms 47, for the purpose of manuallyrotating the shaft 45, and, through the cable and windlass arrangement,elevating the reciprocating cross-head 22, as desired, durin thedrilling operation. The weight of said cross-head4 serves to lower thesame and bring the drill out of the briquetted sample upon thecompletion of the bor- 'ing operation.l

For the purpose of clamping the briquetted samplein position upon theplatform or plate 33, the cross-head 7 supports a threaded bushing 48,in which is carried a screw 49 having attached at its lower end arecessed head 50, and at its upper end lever arms 51 for the purpose ofoperating said screw, the latter constituting a screw plungercooperating with the upper end of the conical bush- -ing 38, the springmounting of the vplatform 33 permitting this action. In order toincrease the power and lever action in connec-- tion with the screw 49,a tubular sleeve 52 may be used in conjunction with the various leverarms 51.

Projecting outwardly in diametrically opposite directions` from theupper end 4of the screw 49, is a pair of arms 54 carrying at their outerends gau rods 55, sald rods passing downward t ough and guided byopenings 56 -form in the outer ends of the cross-head member 7.. It willbe noted that these are of such length that their lower e ds are in linewith the lower recessed end 50 of the screw 49. Cooperating with one ofthe rods 55 is a gauge rod 57, the

' lower end of which is rigidly secured in an extension 58 on one of'the outerends ofthe reci rocating cross-head 22. The upper end of t isrod 57 4passes through and is ided by a vertically disposed opening 59ormed in one of the outer ends o the intermediate cross-head or yoke 29.The "extreme upper end of the rod 57 is of the same hei ht as the up rend of the'drill 21, so that t e rod 57` w at all times indicate Vtheposition of the drill andthe extent'of its penetration into the l sampleduring the boring operation. The rods 55and 5 7 are positioned in directalignment, and, by reason of the relation of f the rods. with respect tothe screw and the drill,'t he touching or engaging of the ends of saidwas win a an times indicate the uma 4 of penetration.

It is to be understood that, although the drawings show the bundle orbriquet in one position only, the position thereof may be changed bywithdrawing the screw 49, shifting the briquet, and again clamping theaccurate sample of the material under analysis, will be readilyunderstood and appreciated by those skilled in the art to which theinvention relates, and while the principle of operation, together withthe device, is considered to be the preferred embodiment of theinvention, it is to be understood that the particular device shown ismerely illustrative, and that such changes may be made as may be foundnecessar or desirable within the scope ofthe appen ed claims.

What I claim is:

1. In an apparatus ofthe class described, the comlntation with -apiercing element, of means for supporting substantially loose materialt0 be operated upon above said element, means for locally compressings'aid material at the section through which said piercing element is topass, and means for 3. In an apparatus of the class described,-

the combination with a cutting element, of

of the class described,

`means for supporting substantially loose the l means for elevating saiddrill, and means for recovering the borings or drillings resulting fromthe boring operation.

5. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a drill,of a platform or plate mounted above said drill adapted to supportsubstantially loose the material to 'be drilled, meansfor locallycompressing said material at the section through which the drill is topass, means for rotating and means for elevating said drill, means forguiding and maintaining the upper end of the drill in operative positionadjacent the point of compression, said guiding means forming a part ofthe compressing means, and means for recovering the borings or drillingsresulting from the boring operation. l

G. In an apparatus of the class described,

the combination with a drill, of a support-l ing member or yoke mountedabove the drill, provided with an opening through which the upper end ofsaid drill is adapted to be guidedl and maintained in operativeposition, aplatform or plate mounted on said supporting member or yokefor supporting su-bstantially loose materialto be drilled, means forlocally compressing said material at the section to be pierced by thedrill, a reciprocating member for rotatably support-ing said drill,means for elevating said reciprocating member, means for rotating thedrill, and means for recovering the borings or drillings resulting fromthe drilling operation.

7 In an apparatus of the class described, the' combination withlvertical standards and a sup-porting base, .of a reciprocating member,an upper cross-head, and an intermediate member or yoke mounted uponsaid vertical standards, a pieoingelement carried by saidreciprocating-member, said intermediate member or yoke rovided with anopening through which t e upper `end of said piercing element is adaptedto pass,

, a platform or plate mounted on said intermediate memlber "above thepiercing element for supporting substantially loose material to bedrilled, a screw plunger carried by said upper cross-head member forcompressing the material at a point to be pierced, a guide for saiddrill forming a cooperating part of said compression arrangement, andmeans for elevating said reciprocating member.

8. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with verticalstandards and a supporting base, ofl a reciprocating member, an uppercross-head, and an intermediate member or yoke mounted upon saidvertical standards, a drill rotatably carried by said reciprocatingmember, said intermediate member or yoke provided with an openingthroughwhich the upper e'nd of said drill is adapted to pass, a platformor plate mounted on said intermediate member above the drill forsupporting substantially loose material to be drilled, a screw plungercarried by said uppercross-head member for compressing the material at apoint to be pierced by the drill, winding cables for elevating saidreciprocating member, means for rotating the drill, and meansfor gaugingthe extent of penetration of said drill. A L

9. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a pairof vertical standards and a supporting base, of a reciprocati-ngmember,- an upper cross-head, and an intermediatemember or yoke mountedupon said vertical standards, 'a drill rotatably carried by saidreciprocating member, a tapered opening through said Aintermediatemember or yoke, an upwardly extending taperedbushino forming acontinuation of said opening 'through which the upper end of saiddrillis adapted to be guided and maintained in operative position, a platformor plate mounted on said yoke surrounding the upwardly extending portionof said bushing for supporting substantially loose material to bedrilled, a

screw plunger carried by said upper crosshead, the lower end of saidplunger coop- 'erating with the upwardly extending bushing forcompressing the material at the point to be pierced by the drill,Winding cables for .elevating said reciprocating member, a motoriandsuit-able gearing for rotating said drill, a cup or receptaclepositioned on the reciprocatingr member surrounding the base of thedrill for receiving theborings or drillings, and means for gauging theextent of penetration of said drill.

10. A method of obtaining an average sample of miscellaneous'loosematerial, comprising compressing said`material in a restricted area,piercing the same at vthe area of compresslon while sald materlal 1sstill under compression, and recovering the portions pierced from saidmaterial.

1l. A method of obtaining an average sample of miscellaneous loosematerial, comprising compressing said material at various localizedareas, drilling the same through at the areasof compression while saidmaterial is still under compression, and recovering the drillings orborings.

12. A method of obtaining an average sample of miscellaneous loosematerial, comprising compressing said `material in a restricted area,drilling upwardly therethrough at the area of compression, andrecovering the drillings or borings as they fall.

Signed at Chrome in thel county of Middlesex Iand State of New Jersey,this fth day of January A. D. 1921.

